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Objective:To explore the relationship between different admission sources and outcomes at children in pediatric intensive care unit(PICU).Methods:The clinical data of children admitted to PICU of Henan Provincial People′s Hospital from January 1, 2021 to December 31, 2021 were collected.The children were divided into emergency group, outpatient group, ward transfer group and out-hospital transfer group according to different admission sources, and the influence of different admission sources on the outcome of children was analyzed.Results:A total of 413 children were included in the study.There were 141 cases(34.14%)in emergency group, 14 cases(3.39%)in outpatient group, 115 cases(27.85%)in ward transfer group and 143 cases(34.62%)in out-hospital transfer group.There were significant differences among the four groups in terms of age, length of hospital stay, PCIS score, type of disease, duration of mechanical ventilation and outcome of children( P<0.05). There was no significant difference in gender among the four groups( P=0.328). Among the 143 children of out-hospital transfer group, 92 cases(64.3%)were admitted during the day and 51 cases(35.7%)were admitted in the night.There was no significant difference in age, gender, duration of mechanical ventilation, PCIS score, length of hospital stay and outcome of children between two groups( P>0.05). The independent risk factors for mortality of children in out-hospital transfer group were length of hospital stay( OR=0.717, 95% CI 0.582-0.883, P=0.002), gender( OR=13.185, 95% CI 2.044-85.061, P=0.007), duration of mechanical ventilation>1 day( OR=23.524, 95% CI 3.294-168.026, P=0.002)and PCIS score≤80( OR=6.000, 95% CI 1.637-21.985, P=0.007). Conclusion:PICU children in our hospital mainly come from emergency, ward transfer and out-hospital transfer.The patients transferred from other hospitals were the most critically ill and had the worst outcome, suggesting that we need to develop and popularize referral standards for critically ill children and establish a transport system so that children can receive timely referral and effective treatment, so as to reduce the risk of death of referred children as far as possible.
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OBJECTIVE：To provide reference for improving the qualified rate of outpa tient prescriptions of Chinese patent medicines and ensuring the rational use of medicines. METHODS：Refering to the Beijing Basic Medical Insurance Medicines Catalog， Clinical Medicine Instructions and （No.17Z13） MCDEX，Chinese patent medicine were classified according to the main functions indications and disease syndromes types. The classification results were reviewed by the member of expert group of Hospital Pha rmacy Committee ，and were recorded by medical department of the management department ，finally were embedded into the outpatient HIS and were docked with prescription pre-audit and comment system. Total number of reviewed Chinese patent medicine prescriptions ，the number of repeated prescriptions ，the number of repeated prescriptions intercepted by HIS system ，the number of prescriptions actively modified by the prescribing physician ，the ratio of repeated prescriptions ，the frequency of active modification by the prescribing physician and average cost of each prescription were compared between the third quarter of 2017（initial stage of sub-category management of Chinese patent medicine ）and the forth quarter of 2019. RESULTS ：Chinese patent medicines in our hospital could be divided into eight categories as internal medicine ，surgery medicine ，oncology medicine ，gynecology medicine ，ophthalmology medicine，otorhinolaryngology medicine ，orthopedics medicine and dermatology medicine ；they contained 14，1，2，4，2，2，3， 1 sub-categories，respectively；some sub-categories were subdivided again . In the third quarter of 2017，159 610 prescriptions of Chinese patent medicines were reviewed ，and 421 prescriptions were unreasonable. Among which ，there were 200 prescription of repeated prescriptions ，accounting for 47.15％；676 repeated prescriptions were actively intercepted by HIS and 476 intercepted prescriptions were actively modified by prescribing physicians ，with active modification rate of 70.14％. In the forth quarter of 2019，138 869 prescriptions of Chinese patent medicines were reviewed ，and 381 prescriptions were unreasonable. Among which ， there were 47 prescription of repeated prescriptions ，accounting for 12.43％；266 repeated prescriptions were actively intercepted by HIS and 259 intercepted prescriptions were actively modified by prescribing physicians ，with active modification rate of 97.37％. There were statistical significances in the ratio of repeated prescription and the rate of active modification by physicians between initial stage and the forth quarter of 2019（P＜0.01）. The average cost of each prescription were 278.78 yuan in the third quarter of 2017 and 220.85 yuan in the forth quarter of 2019，decreasing by 20.78％ . CONCLUSIONS ：The sub-category management of Chinese patent medicine is adopted in the pharmacy department of our hospital ，which realize the pre-audit of all prescriptions of Chinese patent medicines ，and increased the pass rate of outpatient chinese patent medicine prescriptions . It i s helpful for doctors to dialectically use drugs ，memorize the varieties of Chinese patent medicines and improve their professional level；it is helpful for prescription reviewers to rapidly identify repeated prescriptions ，improve the information audit and management level of prescriptions. It is convenient for facilitate prescription reviewers to check the amount of prescriptions used and found out the deficiency of the medicine list in our hospital. However ，there are also some problems such as the conflict between individualized medication and part of management system ，and doctors and pharmacists have different opinions on medicine classification.
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Objective To explore the mechanism of pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) on human liver cells in mitochondrial apoptosis induced by arsenic. Methods Human normal liver cell line (HHL-5) was exposed to NaAsO2 for 24 h, the dose was 0 (control), 2, 5, 8 and 10 μmol/L, respectively. The mitochondrial membrane potential was determined by using flow cytometry, and mRNA levels of PEDF, Bcl-2 and Bax were assayed by Real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR. Results The mitochondrial membrane potential in 10 μmol/L arsenic group (562.33 ± 31.50) was decreased markedly in comparison with that of control group (688.67 ± 47.50, P<0.01), the levels in other groups (5 μmol/L: 634.50 ± 49.03, 8 μmol/L: 655.67 ± 13.65) were not significantly changed (P > 0.05). Compared with control group [(86.69 ± 12.19)％], the mRNA levels of PEDF decreased significantly (P<0.01) when the HHL-5 cells were cultivated with 5 μmol/L [(59.35 ± 11.21)％], 8μmol/L [(58.46 ± 8.69)％] and 10μmol/L [(51.57 ± 7.58)％] arsenic, respectively, and the PEDF mRNA level in 10 μmol/L group was the lowest; but there was no significant change in PEDF mRNA level [(81.52 ± 13.93)％] when HHL-5 cell was cultivated with 2μmol/L arsenic. Similarly, mRNA level of Bcl-2 in 10 μmol/L arsenic group [(53.53 ± 21 . 49 )％] was significantly decreased compared with that of the control group [(96.48 ± 31.14)％, P < 0.05]. Whereas, Bax mRNA levels in arsenic exposure groups [(65.14 ± 32.34)％, (71.81 ± 12.61)％, (72.22 ± 28.40)％] were not significantly changed in comparison with that of control group [(84.47 ± 35.38)％, P > 0.05]. Conclusion PEDF may play a role in mitochondrial apoptosis of human liver cells induced by arsenic through regulating Bcl-2 level.
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Objective To observe the effects of different levels of sodium arsenite ( NaAsO2) on mRNA expression of pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) and apoptosis-related factors in PC12 cells ( rat neuron properties pheochromocytoma). Methods PC12 cells were treated with different levels of NaAsO2 [0 (control group), 2, 5, 10 μmol/L] for 24 hours. The mRNA expression of PEDF and apoptosis-related factors (Bax, Bcl-2) were detected by real-time quantitative PCR. Results There were significant differences in the mRNA expressions of PEDF between the 4 groups (F=102.28, P 0.05); there were significant differences in the mRNA expressions of Bcl-2 between the 4 groups (F=19.87, P<0.05), the mRNA expressions of Bcl-2 in the group of 2, 5, 10 μmol/L (0.65 ± 0.03, 0.49 ± 0.04, 0.57 ± 0.09) were lower than that of control group (0.95 ± 0.11, all P<0.05);there were significant differences in the mRNA expressions of Bax/Bcl-2 between the 4 groups (F=8.352, P<0.05), the mRNA expressions of in the group of 5, 10μmol/L (1.80 ± 0.72, 1.82 ± 0.36) were higher than that of control group (1.02 ± 0.24, all P<0.05). Conclusion NaAsO2 may increase the expression of apoptosis-related factorsBax/Bcl-2 mRNA by decreasing the expression of PEDF mRNA in PC12 cells, leading to apoptosis in PC12 cells.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To replicate the polymorphisms in risk genes of chronic rhinosinusitis in a Chinese Han population.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Enrolled in this study were CRS patients with nasal polyps (n = 306, CRSwNP), CRS patients without nasal polyps (n = 332, CRSsNP), and controls (n = 315) in a Chinese population. All the patients were recruited from clinic of the department of Otorhinolaryngology of Beijing Tongren Hospital between 2008 February and 2009 July. A total of 10 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) selected from previous identified SNPs associated with CRS in Canadian population were individually genotyped. Allele and genotype frequencies were calculated by frequency counting, the chi-square test or exact method were applied to analyze the results.Final results were corrected by Bonferroni multiple correction.SPSS 13.0 software was used for statistical analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>One SNP in AOAH gene(rs4504543, P = 1.95 × 10⁻⁵, OR = 0.559 0) was identified to be significantly associated with whole CRS cohort. After subgroup analysis for the presence of nasal polyps (CRSwNP and CRSsNP), the same SNP in AOAH (rs4504543, P = 3.47 × 10⁻¹², OR = 0.284 8) was also found to be significantly associated with CRSsNP cohorts.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>AOAH was significantly associated with CRS and its polymorphisms might play a role in the susceptibility to develop CRS in Chinese population.</p>
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Humans , Alleles , Asian People , Canada , Epidemiology , Chronic Disease , Genotype , Nasal Polyps , Polymorphism, Genetic , Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide , Rhinitis , Epidemiology , Genetics , SinusitisABSTRACT
@# Objective To explore the optimal experiment conditions of CCK-8 and MTS for cell proliferation assays in human amniotic epithelial cells and to evaluate the cytotoxicity of these reagents. Methods Human amniotic epithelial cells (hAECs) in logarithm growth stages were prepared in different cell concentrations with DMEM/F12 and 10% FBS. The sensitivity and optimal wavelengths was determined based on the optical density (OD) measured at 450 nm and 492 nm. The optimal time was determined under the conditions of the same cell concentration and defined OD values. HAECs were treated with DMSO, CCK-8 and MTS for 1 h, 2 h, 3 h, and 4 h, respectively. 24 h later, cytotoxicity of the CCK-8 and MTS was evaluated by determination of cell proliferation and Trypan Blue staining. Results The optimal detection wavelength was 450 nm for CCK-8, and 492 nm for MTS. The sensitivity of CCK-8 was slightly lower then that of MTS. The optimal time for incubation hAECs with CCK-8 was 4 h within 1~4 h. The inhibitory on cell proliferation and cytotoxicity of CCK-8 were weaker then those of MTS. Conclusion CCK-8 is a convenient reagent with low cytotoxicity for detection of the proliferation of hAECs.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish the method for quantitative determination of sibricose A5 and sibricose A6 in Polygalae Radix by HPLC.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The ultrasonic extracting method was applied in sample pre-treatment. The HPLC procedure was performed on the chromatographic column of Agela Promosil C18 (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 microm), the mobile phase was acetonitrile-0.1% phosphoric acid water solution (10:90). The detection wavelength was 330 nm and flow velocity was 1 mL x min(-1). The column temperature was 30 degrees C.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The method has good linearity in the ranges of 0.0087-0.0694 g x L(-1) (r = 0.9993) for sibricose A5, 0.0090-0.0723 g x L(-1) (r=0.9991) for sibricose A6. The average recoveries of sibricose A5 and sibricose A6 were 101.7%, 97.87%, with the RSD of 1.7%, 1.6%, respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The method was simple, quick accurate and reliable. It is appropriate for the quantitative determination of sibricose A5 and sibricose A6 in Polygalae Radix.</p>
Subject(s)
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Chemistry , Polygala , Chemistry , Polysaccharides , ChemistryABSTRACT
@#ObjectiveTo evaluate the neurobiological characteristics of human histio-amniotic mesenchymal (hAMCs) and effect of hAMCs transplantation into the brain to treat Parkinson's disease(PD) modle mice.MethodsThe expressions of mesenchymal stem cells, neural stem cells, dopaminergic neurons and markers related to neurogenesis such as Vimentin, STRO-1, nestin, CD133, β-tubulin, TH, DAT, Ngn2 and mash-1 in hAMCs were evaluated through immunocytochemical stain; and the mRNA transcriptions of neural stem cell markers, Vimentin and nestin in hAMCs were detected by RT-PCR. The PD model was induced by MPTP(i.p.) in C57BL/6 mice transplanted with hAMCs into the right striatum. The therapeutical effect of hAMCs on PD mice was evaluated by spontaneous movement, rotating bar test and the immunohistochemistry of anti-human chondrosome and TH antibodies in striatum.ResultshAMCs induced by nerve cells culture medium, expressed mesenchymal stem cells, neural stem cells, dopaminergic neurons and other specific markers related to neurogenesis mentioned above. The frequency of spontaneous movement in PD mice was significantly increased(P<0-05), and the time of rotating bar was obviously prolonged(P<0-05) after transplantation with hAMCs.ConclusionhAMCs possess the characteristics of nerve cells after cultured in vitro and can significantly recover the damage of motor function induced by MPTP after transplantation into striatum in PD model mice.